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Assessing waterborne
risks: an introduction
Gunther F. Craun, Rebecca L. Calderon and Timothy J. Wade
ABSTRACT
Information in this paper can help readers evaluate the
results of epidemiologic studies of waterborne disease risks. It is important
that readers understand the various epidemiologic studydesigns, their strengths
and limitations, and potential biases. Terminology used by epidemiologists to
describe disease risks can be confusing. Thus, readers should not only evaluate
the adequacy of the information to estimate waterborne risks but should also
understand how the risk was estimated. For example, one author's definition of
attributable risk may be quite different from another author's in terms of the
population to which the risk may apply and how it should be interpreted.
Key words:
attributable risk, bias, endemic disease, epidemic disease,
epidemiologic studies gastroenteritis, outbreaks, waterborne disease